Confucionism vs Legalism Essay

Amidst the chaos of political instability and constant warfare during ChinaÊ ¼s Period of Warring States, two new philosophies emerged. Legalism and Confucianism were two of the philosophies intellectual thinkers developed to try and stop the mayhem of China before it could be conquered by a greater nation. â€Å"Confucianism became the paramount school of thinking and later signiï ¬ cant philosophies such as and Legalism gained immense recognition as well. Each party had their own proposals for creating an idealistic political society where the many problems they faced in their everyday lives could be eliminated.† Both approaches were very distinct, but at the same time they contained certain similarities as well. Confucianism disfavored a harsh government. Confucius urged to lead the people with virtue and rituals as opposed to government policies and punishments. He believed that the ruler should gain respect through his deeds rather than achieving it through his status and authority. Confucianists disliked government that employed killing and wished for a non aggressive rule. They believed individuals should foster compassion, humility and moderation for a successful society, whereas Legalism believed the people should be controlled by fear and aggression. Legalists had a ruthless approach to crimes and even the smallest of unlawful acts resulted in harsh punishment. Legalism and Confucianism both provided structure and stability for the time they were used. Out of Legalism and Confucianism, Legalism was a success in the sense that it achieved what the other desperately strove for – the uniï ¬ cation of China. Even though it only lasted twelve years. â€Å"Many of the Legalist ideas were quite thought provoking and praiseworthy; they believed in equality for all and government according to merit. However, the system gained a rotten reputation according to the ruthless rule of the First  Emperor. Confucianism thus became the ofï ¬ cial Philosophy, gaining wide acceptance in China.† The Confucian and Legalist governments had very different morals in which their people should be treated. In Confucian government a ruler had to lead by example and be an overall virtuous person for his subjects to obey him. Government existed for the  beneï ¬ t of the people, not the other way around. People should love each other and treat everyone with respect. In Legalist government the people are there to serve the government. People are ruled by fear and violence. Citizen should not focus on being loving and caring. Instead, they should spy on everyone around them and report and law breaking. â€Å"According to them, a strong rule with a strict hand was necessary in order to keep the citizens from growing lazy and disrespecting the authority.† â€Å"One central issue which interested ancient Chinese thinkers was how to regulate human relations and how to govern a country.† Under the Qin dynasty Legalism achieved what many other philosophies wished- control and uniï ¬ cation of China. Similarities united the two because they had a single goal, but different strategies to fulï ¬ ll it. After multiple rebellions against Legalist rule, Confucianism dominated the competition and accomplished the structure and stability that was needed for a successful and evolving civilization. Site used: http://www.international-relations.com/wbcm5-1/wbrule.htm

Economic Effects on Easyjet

Coursework Two: Written report evaluating and commenting on the recent developments in monetary, fiscal and exchange rate policy in the UK and abroad and how these impact on easyJet With the new coalition Government of the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats gaining power in 2010, and almost immediately calling an emergency budget, as the Conservatives promised, declaring their primary objective is to reduce the deficit there have been many changes in fiscal policy and reversal of plans by the Labour Government, there has also been changes in the exchange rate which will have considerable impacts all over the world.Additionally the Bank of England has looked to make use of monetary policy. All of the changes in the UK, and in Europe will have an impact on easyJet (as easyJet only flies in Europe). The objective is to identify the changes in macroeconomic policies in the UK and abroad, using data and information from The Bank of England, the European Central Bank, the Institute for Fi scal Studies, the Budget, the easyJet corporate report and other various economic sources.The Main Objectives of Government macroeconomic policy are; sustainable economic growth, stable low inflation, low level of unemployment, and a good position on the balance of payments. It is that final policy that the coalition Government has declared most important.With the deficit growing year on year, with little sight of changing, and as such they have used fiscal policy drastically recently as, especially the Conservatives in the coalition Government, have looked to reduce the budget deficit with across the board cuts (totalling six billion Pounds) in Government spending, this coupled with the various tax rises are extreme measures which seem necessitated by the extreme economic times we are in. Many believe these actions will lead to a double dip recession, one which it could take the UK many years to recover.The Government also increased VAT on the 1st of January from 17. 5% to 20% (the highest it has ever been). Although George Osborne (speaking to the BBC on the 4th of January) thinks â€Å"targeting VAT is more progressive than increasing income tax or National Insurance† many still believe VAT is a very regressive tax, meaning it is more of a burden on those households with lower income. This graph (compiled by the Institute for Fiscal Studies) shows how the poorest 10% will be hit much harder than the other 90%, seeing a percentage loss of net income more than double that of the richest 10%.This is because VAT is on goods including necessities, which means a rise in VAT will not deter people from purchases of said goods, so VAT will have a large impact on their percentage net income. Although overall a rise in VAT will have cost the richest 10% more, as their net income is considerably larger they have to capacity to cope better with the rise, and will cause a smaller decrease in their net income. Another rise is in fuel tax, â€Å"Given that each pen ny increase in fuel duty raises an extra ? 00 million for the Exchequer, it is easy to see why the chancellor is tempted to hike rates,† said the foundation's director, Professor Stephen Glaister. The Government have increased fuel duty by 0. 76p on petrol and diesel, and the rise in VAT will mean another price increase. The AA estimates that â€Å"these increases combined will add approximately 3. 5p to the cost of a litre of both petrol and diesel. † According to HM Tresuary budget report 2010 â€Å"The most urgent task facing this country is to implement an accelerated plan to reduce the deficit.Reducing the deficit is a necessary precondition for sustained economic growth. † As such another part of the recent fiscal policy changes in the UK was announced in The Budget, that public sector net borrowing would remain at 4 per cent of GDP in five years time, the structural deficit would be 2. 8 per cent of GDP by 2014-15, while the structural current deficit woul d be 1. 6 per cent. They also set that public sector pay would see a two year freeze, apart for those earning less than ? 1,000 a year, this is an attempt to stop the rise in wages for the thousands working in the public sector, which will save the Government paying more and more each year and thereby help to reduce the deficit. Yet public sector employees will be hit hard by this policy, as inflation rises – their wages will not, meaning inflation will have a devastating impact on their net income as real prices rise, and taxes are increased. This will lead to public sector employees to purchase less, and thus provide less chance of growth which is one of the main macroeconomic objectives.However corporation tax will be reduced from 28 per cent to 24 per cent, a reduction that will be spread over the next four years from April 2011. This may encourage businesses to expand as they are paying less tax, which could lead to a decrease in unemployment (one of the primary macroeco nomic objectives) The budget also released a plan to â€Å"reduce the main and special rate of capital allowances to 18 and 8 per cent respectively in April 2012. Also capital gains tax will be increased to 28 per cent for higher and additional rate taxpayers† (The Budget), so the higher income households will have to pay a higher than ever before tax.The Government also intends to freeze council tax for 2011-12 by working with the local authorities, this potentional freeze on council tax will help the poorer level income earners, and could help them to escape the poverty trap. An increase in tax for the higher level income earners will not only provide more money for the Government – in an attempt to reduce the deficit – it will also improve the image of the main party in power; the Conservatives whereby they are seen as more favourable to the higher level income earners in the UK.Another policy instated is, what the Treasury call, â€Å"a reversal of the most damaging part of the planned increase in National Insurance Contributions† by instead of reducing it as Labour had planned, they are raising the threshold by ? 21 a week in April 2011. This will also lessen the burden on the poor, and thus with more available incomes they will spend more, which will be an injection into the circular flow (where the flow of payments in an economy is a circular flow, with injections and leakages, the injections being Government spending, investment etc, and the leakages primarily being saving).Europe was also been impacted by the recession over recent years, and their fiscal policy must try to combat its negative effects. Before the Recession, many countries in the EU had a large structural deficit. There was an inability to meet fiscal targets, for example the political pressure against tax increases and spending cuts. One country which has particularly been affected is Greece, with the EU average debt as a % of GDP at an already staggering 78 . 2%, Greece’s is at 122%. They have been hampered by powerful unions which gained considerable public sector wage increases without corresponding increases in productivity.Greece has also struggled to raise taxes and decrease Government spending. The depth of the recession has worsened the Government fiscal position much more quickly than expected; tax receipts have fallen while spending on unemployment benefits has increased dramatically. In Ireland they plan to tighten fiscal policy by more than 4% of GDP next year. However economists (Simon Tilford, Centre for European Reform, November 2010) debate whether a tightening of around 1. 5% in 2011 will derail the UK's economic recovery.Governments usually run a deficit in bad times, and a surplus in good times, yet in these times of recession Germany is running a budget surplus, by making necessary wage adjustments and increases in taxes as they are performing much more strongly than expected. Although The Bank of England was nationalized in 1997 by the then Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, meaning the Government no longer had control over the Bank of England, fiscal policy will have a large impact on the economy and how monetary policy is conducted.The primary tool of monetary policy is the use of interest rates. However in the UK the base rate was  left unchanged at 0. 50%  in the January meeting, the 22nd month in a row. The news of an economic slump, the UK economy contracted 0. 5% in the final three months of 2010,  has reignited fears of a double-dip  recession  and has reduced the likelihood of an early rate rise. Yet two  of the 9 MPC  members voted for a rise in the base rate at the January meeting, a rare split decision. However due to an inflation rise in December the CPI rapidly rose from 3. % to 3. 7%, chances of an early rate increase to control price pressures has raised. The Bank of England predicted in February 2010 that inflation would be at 1. 5% by the end of 2 010, which is far of the actual rate of 3. 7%. The MPC must now hope that price pressures will ease so it can stick with low rates and avoid stagflation. However it may be out of their control; global commodity prices have been, and still are, rising fast and Source tradingeconomics. com are now pushing up the cost of UK exports.The idea of increasing the base rate will encourage saving (a leakage from the circular flow) which will help to decrease spending and therefore inflation. However this could be met with a reduction in growth, or even the economy shrinking. Failing to raise the base rate would seem counter intuitive as the Government CPI target is 2% and inflation it at 3. 7%, well above the 1% band. The Bank of England decided to employ quantative easing by pumping ? 200bn into the system in an attempt to kick-start the UK’s economy.But the GDP shrunk by 0. 5% in the last quarter of 2010, so this policy does not seem to be helping growth. The MPC predicts inflation w ill continue to rise past 4% in the coming months which will encourage higher pay demands and could start up a wage/price spiral, the rising expectations of inflation means people/workers expect prices to continue to rise, so they are unlikely to accept pay rises less than the expected inflation rate because they want to protect the real purchasing power of their incomes, and this pattern continues.Monetary policy is greatly restricted in Europe due to the Euro, being a member of the Euro means that individual countries face limitations such as an inability to employ quantative easing or alter the base rate to affect the economy (this is one major factor in why the UK has not joined the Euro, and that the Coalition Government has stated that while they are in term they will not join the Euro). As such the European Central Bank (ECB) has power over setting the base rate, which since 5/7/2009 has been 1%, almost as long as the UK has been at 0. 5%.The ECB states â€Å"maintaining pri ce stability is the primary objective of the Eurosystem and of the single monetary policy for which it is responsible. † This is laid down in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 127 (1). Yet prices in the Eurozone have been very unstable in the past years. However Germany has seen strong signs of improvement, but t this could actually hamper the rest of Europe’s growth. The CPI measure of inflation is rising at an annual rate of 2. 2%. That's not as high as the UK, but it's above the European Central Bank's (ECB) target for the first time in two years.As Germany is the most important and influential economy in the Eurozone when it comes to setting monetary policy, it means the ECB will have heavy pressure to raise the base rate this year, regardless of how the rest of the region is performing. Which is ironic as when the euro was introduced the base rate was set to a level to suit Germany’s sclerotic (rigid and unresponsive) economy that was still dealing with reunification. But the cheap money turned the strongly-expanding countries, such as Ireland and Greece, into smaller and floundering economies.The UK has operated a free floating exchange rate since September 1992, meaning The Bank of England has not intervened in the markets to influence the Pound’s value. This means that the Exchange rate is purely market determined which leads to many fluctuations, just in the period from August to January displayed in the graph below. A floating rate can be a tool of macroeconomic adjustment – for example a depreciation in the Pound should increase the net export demand and therey stimulate growth.However the BoE would hope the gains from a lower exchange rate are not dissolved in the inevitable higher wage demands or export prices. The countries inside the Euro Zone are hoping for a more competitive exchange rate to create an injection of demand into their struggling economies. Floating exchange rates offer a degree of adjustment, so as is the situation now a large trade deficit puts downward pressure on the exchange rate which will help the export sector and control the demand for Euro’s to Pound Sterling imports as they become relatively expensive.Having no exchange rate target means that short term interest rates can be set to meet domestic macroeconomic objectives such as growth or low inflation. However with a floating exchange rate there is less currency stability which can discourage Date (2010-11) Source x-rates, composed on excel trade and investment, this is one of the reasons why currencies were locked within the Euro Zone for the Euro. Any changes in the prices of imported goods and services will have a  direct effect  on inflation. The Euro is also a floating exchange rate, meaning it’s fluctuations in relation to the UK have considerable affects.An appreciation of the exchange rate (as there has been in January against the Euro) reduces the sterling pric e of imported consumer goods and durables, raw materials and capital goods. The effect of a changing currency on the prices of imported products will vary by type of import and also the  price elasticity of demand  which is affected by the degree of competition within specific markets. All companies will be affected by these policies, both UK and abroad, and easyJet is no exception. The current price of jet fuel is â€Å"$897 a metric tonne compared with $681 a metric tonne a year ago†, easyJet stated in January 2011.This increase in fuel tax and price will cost easyJet ? 1. 17 extra per than in 2010, and is expected to double the losses of the company to approximately ? 140 million, as it will for all companies in the airline market. As for the VAT rise, easyJet have announced they may be able to save millions of Pounds in VAT by registering its new budget holiday company outside Britain, with Lowcost Travel, expected to be in Switzerland. This means they will avoid VAT under the Tour Operator’s Margin Scheme. This could save easyJet ? 0 million in VAT for the next three years. Most European markets saw losses or declines in January with concerns that China will raise interest rates again to slow down economic growth in Europe, and easyJet suffered alike with a fall of 16. 19 percent in the FTSE250 after they predicted heavy losses in the first half of 2011. easyJet announced in January 2011 that it, as all other airlines, was hit by the severe weather in Europe in December 2010 and strike action by French air traffic controllers, coupled together this cost easyJet ? 31 million,. asyJet is also set to close its cut services at Luton Airport by a fifth (which sees 5 million passengers each year) with a view to transferring them to profitable bases in continental Europe. The airline also initially price flights from European destinations in Euros, but customers can choose an alternative price in sterling. However, the price in sterling is set at a lower rate, this is because easyJet decided not to use the Mastercard or Visa rates that the most retailers use, and instead set the interest rate themselves – at a much lower level.Generally the difference between the actual exchange rate and what easyJet offer can be anywhere between 2% and 6%. This generates a lot more income for easyJet by exploiting the exchange rate at the right time, yet it can been seen as a hidden cost, which would not impress easyJet’s customers, and in the long run could actually lose them customers. Elasticity of demand measures how a change of the quantity demanded is affected by an income or price of another good change.As the airline market demand is elastic businesses must be careful with changing prices and must be sure that by decreasing their prices they are still able to increase their market share. easyJet have achieved this, by coming in with very low prices and gaining market share. Another problem facing easyJet is that pas senger duty tax increased from ? 10 to ? 11 in November 2010, which again cost easyJet millions. However, despite these setbacks, the airline said revenue in the final three months of 2010 â€Å"was up 7. 5% to ? 54 million compared with the same period a year ago†. easyJet announced in November 2010 that profits have been â€Å"boosted by a rise in passenger volumes and the group said it will pay its first ever dividend in 2012†, the airline’s chief executive, Carolyn McCall, said â€Å"We therefore intend to commence the payment of an annual dividend based on a dividend cover of five times. † The airline said passenger numbers grew 8% in the full-year to the end of September to 49 million, while profits totalled ? 154 million in the period – against ? 55 million a year earlier. asyJet’s have continued to strengthen with â€Å"market share gains across Europe particularly London Gatwick, Paris Orly (easyJet grew capacity by 22% in France i n 2010) and CDG and Geneva† (easyJet corporate reports, January 2011). Additionally in response to growth in Germany, easyJet carried on refocusing its offering, and increased capacity on key business routes out of Berlin. The total fleet plan over the period to 30 September 2013 is as follows: | easyJet A320 family| Boeing 737-700| GB Airways A320 family5| Total aircraft5| At 30 September 2010| 182| 8| 6| 196| At 30 September 2011| 202| 2| –| 204|At 30 September 2012| 214| –| –| 214| At 30 September 2013| 218| –| 2| 220| Note 5: Four ex-GB Airways A321 aircraft exited the fleet in November 2010. Source: easyJet corporate reports, Jan 2011 By eliminating the Boeing and ex-GB Airways sub-fleets it will reduce costs by simplify operations. easyJet plan to complete this by 2012 and they project cost savings of around ? 30 million each year. They are also set to work with the EU on consumer rules to make sure that they have the right balance between the benefits that low costs brings to consumers over its costs to the industry.The air traffic control strike in 2010 was caused by the economic pressures facing Europe and union concerns about the Single European Sky programme, and easyJet â€Å"expect disruption to continue in 2011† and â€Å"will press for measures to be put in place that alleviate the impact of these strikes and push for faster reform. † (easyJet corporate reports). There has recently been a saturation in the European and UK airline market. Competitors have mimicked easyJet’s strategy and have introduced competitive brands with similar price strategies that have increased competition, and decreased market share.The airline market is best classified as having a monopolistic competition market structure, whereby there are many firms will similar, yet differentiated services. Some companies have contrasting services; easyJet and British Airways for example, one with a strategy to keep costs as low as possible by stripping out almost all non-essentials of air travel (ranges in class etc) and one, BA which offers a higher level of service with a higher cost. It also has many business with similar plans and ideas; easyJet and Ryanair for example.The Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI), which measures the degree of competition in one market for the airline market, and is 0. 070210776 (see attached excel document for details). This means that the market is unconcentrated; this indicates that the market is unlikely to have adverse competitive effects, as no companies have a monopoly power. In conclusion, the fiscal policy employed by the coalition Government will have long reaching affects across the economy, including the airline market.It will also have drastic affects on the population, with many tax rises; VAT and fuel in particular, which will reduce the level of net income for all households. However the rise in the National Insurance threshold will be very positive for the low er income households. As for businesses, the reduction in corporation tax over the next four years will be a welcome policy, yet almost all companies will be affected by the rise in fuel tax, particularly the transport market – easyJet.The Bank of England will soon have to look further into raising the base rate, the historically low level of 0. 5% will not help any savers (although it helps those with large mortgages, loans etc. ), and when they decide to raise the rate it can help combat the continually increasing level of inflation. The exchange rate is left as a free-floating, which it will be for the foreseeable future. This is like almost all countries, so the market controls currencies, which will periodically rise and fall, and deal with the level of imports and exports and their competitiveness. asyJet will undoubtedly suffer great losses due to the fuel rises, which are expected to continue to rise as oil becomes a more scarce resource the supply falls – whic h will increase the price. They have plans to deal with VAT, and are looking to cut any unnecessary costs across the board to cope with these rises. The further strikes planned by the ATC for 2011 will again cost easyJet millions, but they believe they will be better equipped to deal with these problems.Any unpredictable, or problems outside their control, snowfall of December and the Icelandic volcanic ash clouds will also cause considerable losses, yet there competitors (and imitators) will see similar losses so it will be highly unlikely that easyJet become less competitive as the airline market continues to combat numerous problems. References Financemarkets. com HM Treasury Budget The European Central Bank website The Bank of England website The easyJet annual, and corporate reports Tutor2u The Institute for Fiscal Studies tradingeconomics. com x-rates. com The Economist

Team building Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Team building - Essay Example The critical inaccuracies lied in the factors of overall motivation and job satisfaction, and positive firm and lawyer acknowledgment of good performance. Apart from self-determination and autonomy, teamwork also exerts a significant influence on work performance and motivation. The affiliation or membership in a firm goes with multiple group memberships, including that of the department, team or section. Identification to a team influences behavior and may be a source of motivation for employees. In fact, researches have demonstrated that the psychological oneness that one feels for a firm compels employees to identify with the firm’s way of seeing things, attaining its goals, and striving for its benefit. Eventually, the employee will exhibit ownership of the company’s goals. Thus, it is critical that the organization be able to effectively foster teamwork among the members of its workforce for sustained productivity (van Knippenberg, 2000). The paper by Neff (2002) has failed to consider the effect of task complexity on perceptions of teamwork. In general, it has only focused on teamwork as a general construct, and has not integrated the more important correlates of this concept. Jassawalla & Sashittal (2003) assert that the building of collaborative teams is not enough, specifically for highly complex projects such as the institutionalization of novel product processes. He conducted a study of new product development (NPD) processes in 10 mid size to large high-technology firms; among these, 8 utilized teams. The results of the study were culled from in-depth interviews with those involved in NPD processes. The authors have put forth contradictory outcomes from two distinct high-innovation organizations that upheld collaborative teamwork. The most apparent findings from Jassawalla & Sashittal (2003) assert that the simple

International Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Entrepreneurship - Essay Example People often misunderstand the terms entrepreneurs and leaders, it is perceived that both the terms are synonymous but in reality it is not so. The traits of an entrepreneur are quite similar to that of a leader but it is unfair to say that both the terms are synonymous. This paper is going to deal with the risks which the entrepreneurs take and the dividends the same pays at a later stage. The word seminal means original and influential. These two are the most important qualities expected of any entrepreneur. It is very important that an entrepreneur sustains the growth of the company and at the same should look forward to increasing the same and it becomes highly imperative that the company uses innovation and creativity. An entrepreneur is expected to have a drive which can take the company to another level altogether. The hunger of the entrepreneur should reflect in the activities of the company. Entrepreneurship is considered to be very risky and trick, simply because many new ventures fail to perform as expected. "Most commonly, the term entrepreneur applies to someone who creates value by offering a product or service. Entrepreneurs often have strong beliefs about a market opportunity and organize their resources effectively to accomplish an outcome that changes existing interactions." ( Wikipedia, August 21, 2008). People who think out of the box, in the sense that, those who are able to see an oppurtunity and react according to the situation usually become entreprenuers. Eutreprenership contributes immensely to economy of that particular country, it also creates many job openings for the people. There are many views of the entrepreneurs for instance the classical view, the psychological etc, innovation falls under classical view of the entrepreneurs and it is based on the assumption that the entrepreneur is doing rather than owning. Innovation provides the entrepreneur with a great start and enables early growth in the organization. The risk faced by the international entrepreneurs is much high than the domestic entrepreneurs. This is also because the activities of a foreign market are much more complex than the domestic market. The international entrepreneurs take full advantage of their access to the foreign markets and availability of cheap labor but everything comes at a price, they also have to adjust to the foreign culture quickly, failing to do so would go on to produce undesirable results for sure. The market power of an entrepreneur is increased by the movement in the market power. The same helps the entrepreneur in spreading the risk and leveraging faster returns on new products. To be an entrepreneur one needs to have greater independence and self -fulfillment. When a person becomes an entrepreneur, he/she becomes self employed and it is

English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

English literature - Essay Example both Oedipus from Oedipus the King by Sophocles and the character’s daughter Antigone from Antigone by Jean Anouilh are each protagonists driven by the passion of pride and how this largely contributes to their own downfall. The opening actions of both tragedies illustrate this pride. In Oedipus the King, Oedipus is approached by plague-stricken masses asking help from him. When he sees his people gathered around him like a god, his response to them is â€Å"What means this reek of incense everywhere, / From others, and am hither come, myself, / I Oedipus, your world-renowned king†1. Although the people of Oedipus’ day did turn to their kings to cure all societal ills, Oedipus here is taking on the persona of a god. His pride in his role is evident in the words he speaks. His last line, referring to himself as the â€Å"world-renowned king† helps to underscore that streak of pride. It is also obvious, with a touch of foreshadowing, that he is not secure in his position by his tendency to repeat his greatness. Personal experience has shown when people insist on being known by their title, they are not overly secure about its authority. Antigone, on the other hand, enters the scene in a rage after learning that the new king, Creon, has forbidden to allow one of her brothers to be buried. She decides to go against the king’s orders, arguing that burying the dead is the right thing to do. Her pride in family makes it impossible for her to drop the issue. It is clear she’s outraged that the king would tell her what to do when she is talking to her sister at the very beginning of the play: â€Å"That’s what people say the noble Creon / has announced to you and me – I mean to me†2 . The repetition of â€Å"I mean to me† indicates she cannot believe someone else would tell her what to do, showing excessive pride in her own judgment. As her sister reminds her, women do not have any power in their culture, but Antigone does not listen. In the end, it

Women in the US Military Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Women in the US Military - Research Paper Example Women brought water to the soldiers, provided the soldiers with food and clothes, and also served as nurses, roles that were considered auxiliary (Simon 154). These services that they played were not formally included in the list of roles for the uniformed personnel. However, women were not formally included in the military but, continued to play these roles up in anticipation of the phase of the Civil War or during the 20th Century. Ever since, women have assumed powerful positions in the defense system of America, and currently a good number of them play crucial roles in the Army operations and seem to be more dedicated and willing to share in the great sacrifice of protecting the nation. In this essay, I have sought to exemplify the historical contribution of women in the US military, as well as the roles women have played in the US Military. This shall be through the analysis of the concept based on various dynamic sub-titles (Zeigler & Gregory 145). Women as nurses in military D uring the Spanish-American war conducted in 1898, thousands of American soldiers had yellow fever, typhoid, and malaria (â€Å"Highlights in the†).... Among the requirements for the inclusion of women into the army in the earliest times was that they were required to masquerade themselves as men, and use aliases of men’s names in order to be enlisted in the Army, especially at around the period of World War I. For instance, about 12,000 women were enlisted in this war with the numbers increasing to about 350,000 women in the World War II. However, in these two wars the women mostly played the roles of nursing by attending to the wounded soldiers. This they achieved by serving in organizations like the American Red Cross Society and the United Services Organizations (Strebe 89). Deployment of women in the combat zone The number of American women that participated in the First World War was over 35000 (â€Å"Early Women Soldiers†). As a result of war, American military forces saw a shortage of male recruits. That was when the US Navy and Marine Corps actively solicited women to serve in the combat troops in an attempt t o fill up the gap. Thousands of women applied for positions as Marine Corps Yeoman whereas the call of Navy to become Yeomanettes was responded to by over 11,000 women (â€Å"Early Women Soldiers†). In 2013, long-stayed ban on the inclusion of women in the combat positions was lifted. The lifting of this prohibition can be accredited to the fact that women today are an integral part of the US military and have been showing their interest in undertaking physically demanding roles in military as tough as performance in the combat zone. Women in the American army have found themselves increasingly in the combat’s reality during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. â€Å"It's clear to all of us that women are contributing in

Research proposal about special education Major P.H.D program

About special education Major P.H.D program - Research Proposal Example For this purpose, the researcher has formulated the research aim and objectives that have been stated below: The research aims to state the importance of special education at the PhD level along with highlighting its importance in creating a difference in the society by supporting and guiding students with special needs. For this purpose, few research objectives have been designed stated below. The literature review is aimed to present an understanding over the literature written in the context of special education highlighting its relevance and importance along with its benefits in the social environment. The idea is form an understanding that will help in gaining knowledge about special education along with its worth and importance as adding value in the personal and professional setups. Special education is meant for students with special needs covering individual differences in a systematic manner. It involves individually or group planned objectives, teaching procedures and useful and innovative interventions designed to help students to attain higher level of understanding leading to self sufficiency (Swan, Morgan, 1993). Special education can be offered within a school, college or community with the prime motive of paying focus on special needs of students. Special needs may include challenges with learning, physical disabilities, emotional and mental disorders and developmental disorders. Education can be offered to anyone using classroom setting or sharing of knowledge. However, special education demands more of a systematic and compassionate approach as students’ special needs often reduce their ability to learn independently and thus thwarting their progress in the learning phase (Goodman, 1990). Special education requires more of a compassionate app roach that cannot be offered in a general classroom setting. With social stigma attached with special education, it is

Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Company Law - Essay Example They have a liability over the customers who were taken seriously ill for consuming a test product. Since at this time the company ownership had not been legally completed, it is the real Ale that should take legal responsibility for this action. It is additional to the fact that real ale had been registered to produce ale only. As such, it was a legal mistake when as a director, Grace decided to produce lager and test it using the consumers of the company. The sole object4 of the company was to produce and sell Real ale only and desist from the production and brewing of lager. It can be considered that she, on behalf of the company, acted beyond its capacity by getting involved in an activity other than that which was expressed as the main commercial purpose for which the company was formed. Her action thus acted as a breach of an express term5 that was included in the in the document as an â€Å"Article of Association†6 during the formation of the agreement. She, together wi th Realale, subsequently bear legal liability against the patients involved in the â€Å"sick seven† episode since the brewing of larger is in this case deemed to be ultra vires and void. It is because it was done in contrast to what the scope of the company’s objects clause describes. In addition, as a consumer, the affected individuals bear the legal right to purchase products that have been proven to be safe and not likely to cause any harm to their health7. As such, since the supervision was done by Grace on behalf of the company it is legally unethical to produce a test product without consulting the other board members and presenting it to the consumers. In this case, it can be established that she used the company as a mere facade to enhance her interests to surprise her fellow directors. As a director, she is liable to the rest of the shareholders by making the company to act against its objects. Moreover, this action was not valid between the company and the t hird party who constitute its customers. It is on these grounds that the company can be held liable for the violation of consumer rights. In this case, Realale should be considered liable for negligence by the company and one of its directors should take responsibility for any costs incurred by the company over the void transaction. As partners in the company, Realale lack a limited liability for the liabilities and debts in the firm. Since there was a legally binding agreement between Real Ale and Elena’s father; Harry, during the purchase of the cars, it is the responsibility of its shareholders to ensure that the payment is made as expected. This would ensure that the agreement is converted into an executed and complete contract8. Additionally, the time indicated in the agreement for payment should be appropriately observed. In this sense, Big Brew has a legal right to claim this payment from the assets possessed by Realale. Nonetheless, as was revealed in Lee v Lee Air Fa rming Ltd the shareholders of a company are not liable for the debts and liabilities of the company9. It is for this reason that the Realale shareholders are not liable to the creditors of the subsequent Big Brew Company. They only owe liability to the company and not to the individual creditors of the company. This is because they are

Global Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global Marketing - Assignment Example Culture is recognised to be an essential factor which imposes considerable impact upon the entire performance of the organisations (Lee & Carter, 2009; Bardhan & et. al., 2006). Culture is recognised to be an essential element on the basis of which the different magnitudes of human behaviour are determined. Culture comprises different elements that include belief, morals, knowledge, art and customs among others. These are various elements that depict the culture of a particular society. Moreover, culture is based on different macro environmental factors including social, economic, political and religious beliefs. In this regard, people of a society develop cultural values, behaviour and beliefs on the basis of the aforementioned factors (Soares & et. al., 2007). Culture is based on various concepts such as attitudes, values and ideas through which people perform various actions in a society. The cultural values and beliefs are usually shared amid the people of a society according to which individuals develop their ethnic values and purchasing behaviour (Belshek, 2004). Global marketing is often regarded as an appropriate strategy which adopt by business originations with the intention of conducting diverse operational functions effectively on a global context. Presently, there are various factors that can be viewed to be responsible for business organisations to execute their respective operations successfully in overseas business market segments. In this regard, these factors comprise minimised or unrestricted trade barriers, multilateral agreements in relation to trade activities and prevalence of common business market conditions. Culture is often recognised to play an imperative role in supporting the organisations towards making effective decisions. Business organisations, in order to execute their respective operational functions or activities efficiently in the worldwide market segments, are required to possess adequate knowledge in relation to fundament al and cultural values. In this respect, organisations having adequate knowledge in relation to cultural values will be able to operate their business operations with greater efficiency. It is worth mentioning that organisations, with appropriate understanding and knowledge about cultural values and beliefs will be facilitated with the opportunity of formulating along with executing effective marketing strategies towards the accomplishment of predetermined business targets (Vogt, 2013; Kotabe & Hesen, 2010; Gillespie & et. al., 2010; Lee & Carter, 2009). Culture should be considered in global marketing as the present business market scenario or the market conditions is recognised to be changing frequently due to several factors. The foremost factors for the change in the market conditions can be apparently observed as the development of new business markets and the preferences of global consumers that are likely to alter in relation to demographics along with expectations. It has be en viewed that the global marketing activities have changed due to the dissimilar cultural values along with beliefs that holds by the worldwide customers (Keegan, 2011; Lee & Carter, 2009; Passaris, 2006; Picard, 2004). Thus, it can be affirmed that the market conditions of global market are often predicted to remain much dependent

Linguist studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Linguist studies - Essay Example The external and internal conjunctive relations of both texts were analyzed by means of a conjunctive reticulum (See Appendix). The analysis of conjunctive relations shows a combination of two kinds of logical relations. The positive review is mainly held together by extending relations of addition (in general, by the conjunction and). The enhancing relations play an important role as well, since there are many time and causal conjunctions. For example: According to Eggins (1994), the enhancing relations represent the typical narrative pattern, where the narrator concerns on when things happened and why. It is important to note that a movie review has a narrative and expositive character as well. It is narrative when the plot is introduced, and expositive, when the reviewer expresses his opinion on the film and describes the positive and negative aspects of a movie. Similarly, the negative review alternates between extension and enhancement, with more focus on the last one. The plot of the movie has less space in the review, since the reviewer remarks the movie features that he did not find appropriate, by comparing with other films and The Simpsons TV show. Therefore, causal and comparative conjunctions are often used. The logical relations derive basically from an external organization of the text in both reviews. The events beyond the text (i.e. movie, actors, writers, directors) are linked by external conjunctions. At the same time, most of the relations are stamped explicitly, rather than left for the reader to decode. It is important to note that most of the internal relations are implicit, that is, the reader must interpret the internal organization of the text. Implicit elaborating relations (expressed by that is, or in fact), typical of the internal organization, could be identified in the analyzed texts. In a broad sense, both texts represent the same field: a present-day movie. The specific topic of each one is the movie concerned by the

A Cops Life Essay Example for Free

A Cops Life Essay I use to dream of being a cop , Its really tempting for most of the kids when they see someone in uniform, zooming through the streets in a cruiser with flashing lights .I always thought that to be cop all it takes is a good built and a brave heart .I am sure even for you A cop is a brave good looking person in uniform who helps to keep the city streets crime free , who makes sure that that the violators of traffic gets a ticket . This story I read was a real eye opener for me and changed my way of thinking about a officers job profile completely . I never thought that the officers go through so much emotional trauma while doing their jobs. These men in black are not only brave physically but very brave mentally as well .It’s not an easy job to see a young kid drenched in blood die in your arms and you are so helpless that you can’t save his life . While the officer is waiting for the ambulance its traumatizing because he could remember that kid from the college basketball game or late night traffic check last week. It does not end for him here; he has to give the message of the young guy’s death to his parents. Imagine coming home, and not having the slightest clue to where your teen is, or has been all night. The doorbell finally rings after waiting and waiting for hours, yet it’s not your son or daughter standing in front of you, it’s a deputy officer. It’s obviously hard on the parents to hear about their child dying in a car accident due to a foolish mistake, but it’s harder for a father of two young kids to break it to them. The writer of this story did a phenomenal job in explaining every little detail of the story. From the curve of the highway, to the position of the dead body. I was able to read a single sentence and picture everything in my head right away because of the unique description. This story has a great moral value, as well as the effects on others because of one choice you might make just for the heck of it. Drunk driving isn’t anyone elses fault, and nobody should have to suffer because of a mistake you made.

The Awakening Essay Example for Free

The Awakening Essay In Kate Chopins The Awakening, the author frames the notions of freedom and responsibility by contrasting them within an opposing dichotomy portrayed through the main character, Edna Pontellier, and through her subconscious denial of Creole responsibility while attaining freedom for her body, mind, and soul. Within this dichotomy the notions change inversely: the more freedom that is exercised by Edna because of unknown, and undisclosed, subconscious analysis deep in her mind, her sense of Creole responsibilities ebb proportionately. As these opposing forces ebb and flow, Chopin shows freedom in its basic and natural light—as being instinctive and as the normal state of a human being, evidenced by Edna Pontelliers actions flowing smoothly as proscribed deeds in spite of Creole social norms. Creole responsibility is shown as an unquestioning, requisite, often repressive duty, an iron mandate: that of the mother-woman, a steel parasol under which Edna must function. This is the cultural norm in the society in which Edna Pontellier is trapped, which translates for her into an abnormal state of being. Chopin uses Ednas growing subconscious self-awareness as the vehicle in which to portray the push-pull of these concepts of freedom and responsibility. As Edna is imbued with a nascent subconscious knowledge of personal freedom, her compliant response to her tormenting role of a staid, responsible Creole wife and mother-woman in a static society lessens as her freedom grows. Her apparent sense of responsibility wanes proportionately, encouraged by Chopins portrayal of Creole Society as the catalyst. The author shows Edna growing warmer to the idea of her own personal freedoms with a corresponding coolness toward her responsibilities as a wife and mother, concomitant with her increasingly physical self-awareness, need for personal space, and her longing for Robert. In keeping with the instinctual nature of acquiring her freedom, she does not actively seek Robert out in the beginning. The concept of Robert as a lover gradually grows in her from within, when, after Mademoiselle Reiszs spine-tingling piano performance, Chopin says, â€Å"Perhaps it was the first time she was ready, perhaps the first time her being was tempered to take an impress of the abiding truth† (Kindle location 491-505). The â€Å"abiding truth† was the onset of the knowledge and understanding of her personal freedom. Following Mademoiselle Reiszs piano recital, as the small audience was walking to the beach for a midnight swim, Robert willfully lagged behind. Chopin writes, â€Å"She missed him the days when some pretext served to take him away from her, just as one misses the sun on a cloudy day without having thought much about the sun when it was shining† (Kindle location 505-19). There is no conscious act to have Robert for her own; it happens as a consequence of her growing subconscious self-awareness, which takes place out of sight of the reader and makes itself known by Ednas deeds which just seem to flow from her naturally. Chopin contrasts this nascence of freedom through Ednas portrayal of a gradual release from within herself of her old persona, instead of the overt shedding of it through forced open rebellion. Indeed, at times Edna simply drifts into freedom as her natural state of being. Although hidden from the reader, one can safely assume her instincts of right and wrong, what is fair and unfair, grow in her subconscious mind to a point in which they overcome and displace the artificial, imbedded notions of Creole society and the Victorian world at large, as seen in the metaphorical exchange with Robert, â€Å"  Will you get my white shawl which I left on the window-sill over at the house? † â€Å" When he returned with the shawl she took it and kept it in her hand. She did not put it around her† (Kindle location 560-70). One possible metaphor here is that the white shawl represents her supra-marital chastity which she now holds in her hand, eschewing its use. Change will be inevitable. Freedom often comes through rebellion in some part, however, and Edna has a small share, albeit mostly she gains her freedom through the effects of her inner turmoil and subconscious awakening of her true self and acting on it. But oddly, Chopin does not present this contrast of rebellion as a juxtaposition of the concepts of responsibility versus irresponsibility; instead, she lets defiance take its place, as seen here when Leonce perceives Ednas violation of a social norm: â€Å"This is more than folly,† he blurted out. â€Å"I cant permit you to stay out here all night. You must come in the house instantly. † [Leonce](Kindle location 584-600). In the paragraph which follows, she turns the tables neatly: †With a writhing motion she settled herself more securely in the hammock. She perceived that her will had blazed up, stubborn and resistant. She could not at that moment have done other than denied and resisted. She wondered if her husband had ever spoken to her like that before, and if she had submitted to his command. Of course she had; she remembered that she had. But she could not realize why or how she could have yielded, feeling as she did then†(Kindle location 588). Immediately, she says, â€Å"Leonce, go to bed, I mean to stay out here. I dont wish to go in, and I dont intend to. Dont speak to me like that again; I shall not answer you† [Edna] (Kindle location 589). It is here that she anchors her freedom. Her role as an obedient Creole wife has ended. The totality of her transformation to a whole individual also involves a sexual counterpart with respect to her desire for Robert and a coming alive of her physical body in a sensual sense; however, her desire for Robert as a lover is not fulfilled by the end of the novel, thereby inferring an asexual nature to that part of her journey. Although Edna wishes for a tryst with Robert, it is not he who ushers in the springtime of her physical awakening; it is Alcee Arobin, showing for the most part the asexual nature of her quest and an objectivity in their consummation which gives the lie to calling it lovemaking. It is simply an event in her journey, one which does not cause the earth to move. Arobin is not a usurper; he is merely a sex object. In contrast, Chopin describes real love in no uncertain terms: â€Å"The lovers were just entering the grounds of the pension. They were leaning toward each other as the wateroaks bent from the sea. There was not a particle of earth beneath their feet. Their heads might have been turned upside-down, so absolutely did they tread upon blue ether† (Kindle location 407-21). Edna seeks complete freedom, including that of a sexual act, to validate becoming a confident, singular, and unified individual human being. She wishes to be in control and in possession of—her own body and actions, in spite of her repressive upbringing and learned puppet-dance of Creole society. Chopin frames this tryst as an expression of Ednas independence and as the ownership of her own body—to do with as she wishes. Although it is Robert whom she loves, it is Alcee with whom she shares herself, not with romantic passion but as a liberating release of the stultifying social morality which binds her. This takes place in an out-of-wedlock setting where she may express her love and curiosity freely and selfishly without the duty-bound responses she might have in her marriage bed with Leonce. Indeed, this craving for a lovers tryst is concurrent with a gradual and proportional shedding of her wifely responsibilities and ebbing of motherly duties as this liaison draws closer. It is significant to note that although Edna interacts less and less with her children, her love does not in any way decrease for them. Another dichotomy exists here, too, in that Edna is shielding them from her personal storm by placing them in the lee of anothers guardianship because of the instinctively felt but not-as-yet consciously perceived destruction to come. From a mothers standpoint, she was, in essence, instinctively giving them away—something a loving mother might feel she had to do to protect her children—but an act that contradicts being a responsible mother-woman in Creole society. The push-pull of freedom vis-a-vis Creole responsibility is shown dramatically, in the following: She was fond of her children in an uneven, impulsive way. She would sometimes gather them passionately to her heart; she would sometimes forget them. The year before, they had spent part of the summer with their grandmother Pontellier in Iberville. Feeling secure regarding their happiness and welfare, she did not miss them except with an occasional intense longing. Their absence was a sort of relief, though she did not admit this, even to herself. It seemed to free her of a responsibility which she had blindly assumed and for which Fate had not fitted her† (Kindle location 369). Once again, Ednas subconscious is pulling her away from the responsibilities so incontrovertibly linked to the Creole way to allow her the freedom she yearns for—mind, body, and soul. Chopin confirms that child-rearing is not what Edna wants or is prepared for. Ednas end, when it comes, shows the dichotomy: Edna sheds her clothing, free at last, and defies her Creole responsibilities with one final swim, naked. On the one hand, she has fulfilled her quest for freedom of her mind, body and soul; on the other hand, Edna is eternally empty of all Creole responsibility.

The Whistleblower: Julian Assange

The Whistleblower: Julian Assange Julian Assange is one of the most famous whistleblowers since 2006. Assange is an Australian citizen and the leader of a group that attacks the secret documents of governments by leaking them. In fact, he managed to leak confidential information and data about global financial transactions between different countries and organizations as well as secret operations regarding military and policies. He also founded WikiLeaks as a website where whistleblowers and hackers could have the ability to put stolen information about organizations without having to mention their real identities. The website as well as Assange started to gain fame in most of the houses all over the world since Chelsea Manning contributed in the leakage of data about the American army. Furthermore, hackers were able to put on WikiLeaks a video about shooting Iraqi citizens, who were not armed, by helicopters that belonged to the United States. This video was named Collateral Murder. Since then, the name of Julian wa s mentioned in many fields including poisonous wastes thrown near Cote dIvoire along with operations and procedures regarding detention in Guantanamo Bay. Christodoulou, holly. (2017, February 8). In 2010, whistleblowers on WikiLeaks were able to release more than two thousand documents regarding diplomatic cables. They managed to get these documents from a source without an identity. In addition, these documents were leaked and released after the spread of Collateral Murder video and the documents related to Iraqi and Afghani Wars in 2010. Both documents exceeded more than four thousand documents. It is said that the leakage of such information and data came from a source that belonged to Bradley Manning. As a matter of fact, Manning is an analyst who used to work in the American Army Intelligence. However, he was imprisoned later. A lot of people ask about whether WikiLeaks was able to release confidential documents before or not. In fact, the answer for such question is yes.   In order to succeed in leaking all these amounts of information, WikiLeaks has passed through three stages directly after being created. It is worth mentioning that the first stage involved the rele ase of documents regarding Kenya about eight years ago. During this period, the responsible persons of the website and its management worked according to a wiki model. This model provided readers and loggers with the ability to put information on the website no matter what this information is or these documents are. On the contrary, the website had the authority to determine the kind of documents and whether to accept them or not. The second stage, through which WikiLeaks moved, included the release of Collateral Murder seven years ago. As a matter of fact, a lot of political organization took that video really seriously since it was considered as a political declaration of the brutality of the United States policies. This video was released in order to show and clarify a certain opinion, not in order to inform public about such point of view. Finally, the third stage included the release of diplomatic documents and labels. This stage is happening right now. WikiLeaks managed to hav e connections and strong relationships with organizations in the field of media and news to be able to collect, analyze and publish political documents through using organized ways instead of throwing such diplomatic cables on the internet or implementing them as a source to show a certain opinion. Zittrain, J. (2010). While Julian and other whistleblowers believe that people all over the world are in deep need of WikiLeaks, the governmental authorities and organizations think the opposite. In fact, Assange thinks that these leakages of documents force the governments to be more open and not to hide any secrets. In addition, they encourage those political organizations to respect the public and their privacy along with showing that they are clear and honest. It has to be taken into consideration the fact that WikiLeaks was an anonymous unknown website unless it succeeded in the release of videos like Collateral Murder and Baghdad Airstrike videos. Unfortunately, Baghdad video was released by the website seven years ago and talked about the murder of two reporters, who used to work in Reuters, by American military forces. On the other side, the case is different for the United States. Officials in the American government had the desire to accuse Assange of betrayal and espionage since he has release d private confidential diplomatic cables regarding Pentagon. Actually, the American government believed in the idea that these documents have resulted in the destruction of its national security and foreign affairs with other powerful countries. The WikiLeaks impact the American business journal. (2016). As for how the United States responded to these leakages, it resorted to the policy of power in order to force WikiLeaks and Assange to return back the hacked documents just after the release of diplomatic cables regarding the Afghani War. Moreover, it started along with the British government to condemn these actions because they thought they could lead to the destruction of peoples lives and their privacy. Moreover, a lot of authorities thought these documents to be very sensitive since it touched a lot of top secret political problems and situations. Universities also in the United States have warned their students not to enter WikiLeaks, read any document or put any data in order not to expose their lives to danger. Finally, it is worth mentioning that governments must be very careful while dealing with confidential documents and secure them well so that they could be able to avoid any kind of hacking or any whistleblower who might think of leaking them. Karhula, P. (2012). References: Karhula, P. (2012). What is the effect of WikiLeaks for freedom of information? Retrieved February 15, 2017, from IFLA, http://www.ifla.org/publications/what-is-the-effect-of-wikileaks-for-freedom-of-information The WikiLeaks impact the American business journal. (2016). Retrieved February 15, 2017, from The American Business Journal, http://www.abjusa.com/features/features_apr_may_11/the_wikileaks_impact_don_t_shoot_the_messenger.html Zittrain, J. (2010). Everything you need to know about Wikileaks. Retrieved February 15, 2017, from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/421949/everything-you-need-to-know-about-wikileaks/ Christodoulou, holly. (2017, February 8). Who is Julian Assange and why is the WikiLeaks founder wanted by Sweden? Retrieved February 15, 2017, from THE SUN, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/2188164/who-is-julian-assange/

The Tao-te Ching by Lao-Tzu and The Prince by Machiavelli Essay

â€Å"The Tao-te Ching† by Lao-Tzu and â€Å"The Prince† by Machiavelli Throughout history, it can be argued that at the core of the majority of successful societies has stood an effective allocation of leadership. Accordingly, in their respective works â€Å"The Tao-te Ching† and â€Å"The Prince†, Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli have sought to reach a more complete understanding of this relationship. The theme of political leaders and their intricate relationship with society indeed manifests itself within both texts, however, both Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli approach this issue from almost entirely opposite positions. Lao-Tzu appears to focus the majority of his attention on letting problems or situations take their course and allowing good to prevail. On the contrary, Machiavelli advocates the necessity for a successful leader, or prince, to take control of his endeavors, and the skills or qualities necessary to maintain power, at any cost. Since these thinkers both make an inquiry to what is essentially the same dilemma of effective leadership, it becomes almost a natural progression to juxtapose the two in an effort to better understand what qualities a prosperous leader must possess. In this sense, when we utilize the rhetorical strategy of compare/contrast as a vehicle to transport us to a more enlightened interpretation of Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli’s conclusions, it becomes apparent that Machiavelli’s effort is much more successful as his practicality serves its purpose much more effectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although they share some similarities in ideology, these parallels are greatly overshadowed by the concepts in which Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli diverge. Their primary distinction lies within their view of human nature and it’s role in governing. Lao-Tzu maintains that if we promote a system of governing to the least possible extent, then human nature should manifest a favorable temperance and dictate the direction of society. In fact, Lao-Tzu asserts numerous attempts to illustrate his point that if leaders, â€Å"Stop Trying to control† ( § 57, 35), then there is no desire ( § 37, 24), he dwells in reality ( § 38, 29), and â€Å"the world will govern itself.† ( § 57, 35) Although this is an extremely optimistic and beneficial ideal, the main problem with Lao-Tzu’s entire philosophy is exactly that, it can only be viewed as a philosophy. Because it appears under the section entitled â€Å"Government,† I... ...d this consequently deducts from the validity of his advice. As he begins to conclude, Machiavelli states that the prince: â€Å"should think about avoiding those things which make him hated and despised.† (Mach 48) Although these lack any withstanding moral values, they are effective in the sense that they better serve their purpose. Machiavelli was seeking to display a way to hold political power by any means possible not a utopian state. This may mean malicious acts, imprisonment, and torture, or it may mean the utilization of power to achieve a common good. Machiavelli doesn’t elaborate on this. He concentrates on a realistic approach towards government, as he remains concerned with the establishment and protection of power. Works Cited Boltz, William G. Lao tzu Tao te ching. In Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide, edited by Michael Loewe. Berkeley: University of California, 1993. Kaltenmark, Max. Lao Tzu and Taoism. Translated by Roger Greaves. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1969. Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Trans. Hill Thompson. Norwalk: The Easton Press, 2002. The Prince, and Other Political Writings, tr. Stephen J. Milner, London, 1995

Insanity in The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe Essay -- The Tell-T

Edgar Allen Poe's "The Tell Tale Heart" is a short story about how a murderer's conscience overtakes him and whether the narrator is insane or if he suffers from over acuteness of the senses. Poe suggests the narrator is insane by the narrator's claims of sanity, the narrator's actions bring out the narrative irony of the story, and the narrator is insane according to the definition of insanity as it applies to "The Tell Tale Heart". First, Poe suggests the narrator is insane by his assertions of sanity. For example, the narrator declares because he planned the murder so expertly he could not be insane. He says, "Now this is the point. You fancy me mad. Madmen know nothing. But you should have seen how wisely I proceeded-with what caution-with what foresight-with what dissimulation I went to work!" In addition, every night at midnight the narrator slowly went into the room of the old man. He claims this was done so wisely that he could not be insane. The narrator thinks that if a murder is carefully planned then the murderer is not insane. Also, the narrator claims he suffers from over acuteness of the senses. Regarding the sound of the old man's beating heart, the narrator says, "And now have I not told you that what you mistake for madness is but over-acuteness of the senses? --now, I say, there came to my ears a low dull, quick sound, such as a watch makes when enveloped in cotton". The narrator claims he is n ot imagining the sound but he is hearing it because his senses are so sharp. The narrator believes he is justified in killing the old man because the man has an Evil Eye. The narrator claims the old man's eye made his blood run cold and the eye looked as if it belonged to a vulture. Poe shows the narrator is insane... ...arly shows that the narrator is insane because he heard noises, which could not possibly have occurred. As the police officers were sitting and talking in the old man's chamber, the narrator becomes paranoid that the officers suspect him of murder. The narrator says, "I could bear those hypocritical smiles no longer! I felt that I must scream or die". The narrator is deluded in thinking the officers knew of his crime because his insanity makes him paranoid. In conclusion, Poe shows the insanity of the narrator through the claims of the narrator as to why he is not insane, the actions of the narrator bring out the narrative irony of the story, and the character of the narrator fits the definition of insanity as it applies to "The Tell Tale Heart". The "Tell Tale Heart" is a story about how insanity can overtake someone's mind and cause one to behave irrationally.

Political, Social And Moral Me Essay -- essays research papers

Theodore Seuss Geisel, better known to generations of readers all over the world as "Dr. Seuss," is the American author of many popular children’s books. Dr. Seuss’ "deft combination of easy words, swift rhymes and batty nonsense" (Horn 69) has convinced many children that reading does not have to be a boring chore, but instead can be fun and entertaining. Amidst these wacky drawings of zany characters spouting off crazy rhetoric, there is much hidden symbolism. Many of Dr. Seuss’ works contain political, social, and moral messages. Political messages in Dr. Seuss’ works include war, economic and environmental themes. Two of Dr. Seuss’ later works, The Butter Battle Book and The Lorax, "take strong stands on the dangers of indifference to world affairs." (Horn 70) In The Butter Battle Book, Seuss takes nuclear war as his theme. Two groups of animals live on either side of a stone wall. One side eats their bread butter side up, while the other side eats their bread butter side down. Because of each group’s odd ways, neither side trusts the other. Each side sets up a border patrol with mild protection. Over the course of the book, the weapons get more complicated and powerful until each side invents "the bitsy big-boy boomeroo," a very powerful bomb. Each side is ready to destroy the other when the books ends. These groups could represent the nuclear opponents of the time, mainly the United States and Russia. "In this book Dr. Seuss turns didactic and cal ls up many moral arguments adults make against nuclear proliferation." (Lystad 1) This book "ends without resolution of the issues" (Lystad 2) and leaves it up to the reader to decide his or her own beliefs on nuclear war. Political issues arise again in Green Eggs and Ham. In this book "Sam-I-Am’s persistence convinces a friend to try an unusual - but tasty - dish." (Horn 67) This confrontation between Sam-I-Am and his friend is "so obviously a parable about the struggle between capitalist and socialist ideologies." (Atkinson 132) It can be said that Sam-I-Am represents the capitalist United States trying to convince communist countries to try the new, strange and unusual dish of green eggs and ham, which represents capitalism. ... ... the kind-hearted elephant agrees to help a lazy bird by sitting on her egg while she flies off for a vacation. The mother bird decides to never come back. Horton suffers through many problems such as bad weather and being ridiculed by the other animals. In the end, Horton is rewarded when the egg hatches into an elephant-bird. All of these works "suggest to the reader that individual can and should be responsible for the welfare of others." (Horn 70) Within the playful artwork and imaginative language, Dr. Seuss’ children’s books convey ideas about nuclear proliferation, environmental hazards, economics, fascism, and morality. Despite the fact that some of these works are more than fifty years old, the important messages within them still hold true today. Whether or not the parents who buy the books of Dr. Seuss realize the value placed in them, their value as teaching tools for children cannot be disputed. In all, the messages given by Dr. Seuss through his works could be the very essence of this writers popularity. The messages are basic and widely applicable, ensuring that his work can be useful to and enjoyed by all. Political, Social And Moral Me Essay -- essays research papers Theodore Seuss Geisel, better known to generations of readers all over the world as "Dr. Seuss," is the American author of many popular children’s books. Dr. Seuss’ "deft combination of easy words, swift rhymes and batty nonsense" (Horn 69) has convinced many children that reading does not have to be a boring chore, but instead can be fun and entertaining. Amidst these wacky drawings of zany characters spouting off crazy rhetoric, there is much hidden symbolism. Many of Dr. Seuss’ works contain political, social, and moral messages. Political messages in Dr. Seuss’ works include war, economic and environmental themes. Two of Dr. Seuss’ later works, The Butter Battle Book and The Lorax, "take strong stands on the dangers of indifference to world affairs." (Horn 70) In The Butter Battle Book, Seuss takes nuclear war as his theme. Two groups of animals live on either side of a stone wall. One side eats their bread butter side up, while the other side eats their bread butter side down. Because of each group’s odd ways, neither side trusts the other. Each side sets up a border patrol with mild protection. Over the course of the book, the weapons get more complicated and powerful until each side invents "the bitsy big-boy boomeroo," a very powerful bomb. Each side is ready to destroy the other when the books ends. These groups could represent the nuclear opponents of the time, mainly the United States and Russia. "In this book Dr. Seuss turns didactic and cal ls up many moral arguments adults make against nuclear proliferation." (Lystad 1) This book "ends without resolution of the issues" (Lystad 2) and leaves it up to the reader to decide his or her own beliefs on nuclear war. Political issues arise again in Green Eggs and Ham. In this book "Sam-I-Am’s persistence convinces a friend to try an unusual - but tasty - dish." (Horn 67) This confrontation between Sam-I-Am and his friend is "so obviously a parable about the struggle between capitalist and socialist ideologies." (Atkinson 132) It can be said that Sam-I-Am represents the capitalist United States trying to convince communist countries to try the new, strange and unusual dish of green eggs and ham, which represents capitalism. ... ... the kind-hearted elephant agrees to help a lazy bird by sitting on her egg while she flies off for a vacation. The mother bird decides to never come back. Horton suffers through many problems such as bad weather and being ridiculed by the other animals. In the end, Horton is rewarded when the egg hatches into an elephant-bird. All of these works "suggest to the reader that individual can and should be responsible for the welfare of others." (Horn 70) Within the playful artwork and imaginative language, Dr. Seuss’ children’s books convey ideas about nuclear proliferation, environmental hazards, economics, fascism, and morality. Despite the fact that some of these works are more than fifty years old, the important messages within them still hold true today. Whether or not the parents who buy the books of Dr. Seuss realize the value placed in them, their value as teaching tools for children cannot be disputed. In all, the messages given by Dr. Seuss through his works could be the very essence of this writers popularity. The messages are basic and widely applicable, ensuring that his work can be useful to and enjoyed by all.

Candide Response

Arthur Johnson Western Letters – Professor Fayard Response Essay 2 10/29/12 Arthur Johnson Western Letters – Fayard 10/29/12 Response Essay #2 Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire shows in many instances in Candide that he does not buy into the idea of the Enlightenment. With Voltaire’s simple mockery of the idea of a perfect world with a perfectly good God, it is evident that he does not appreciate the idea that everything happens for a reason.Despite Voltaire holding these extremely negative views on whether or not there is a good God, if there is a God at all, he puts in place a character in Candide that arguably contradicts his hateful and pessimistic views on the idea that everything happens for a reason. Voltaire places an old lady in Candide, whom clearly suffers greatly, but continues to get out of her tragedies and makes the decision to continue on living life because living is worth every bit of pain and suffering that comes.This old lady contradicts Volta ire’s negative views on the idea that everything happens for a reason because she continually escapes from her tragic experiences. The old lady continues to reinforce the idea that there is a purpose for everything and that good will eventually come out from even the most evil of situations and scenarios. The old lady not only contradicts Voltaire’s hateful outlook on the idea that everything happens for a reason, but she to an extent revamps and matures Pangloss’ outlook on optimism.Instead of thinking that everything is great and perfectly good, the old lady believes that there are some horrible things in life, but living is worth every bit of struggle that comes along with it. In theory it would be safe to come to a conclusion that would suggest that the old lady believes that despite of all the horrific and brutal events that come with living, there are greater things in life that make suffering a worthwhile price. This idea would also fall into the idea tha t everything does indeed happen for a reason.The old lady used to live a promising life as the daughter of the pope and a princess, who was once seen by many as one of the most beautiful people women ever, a woman who had a body as beautiful as â€Å"the Venus of Medici†. For a better graphic, the Venus of Medici was a Hellenistic life-size classical statue, much like the Venus de Milo, that was a depiction of the Greek goddess of love, Aphrodite. The old lady was at one point in her life a modern day celebrity, but all of what she had going for her was stolen, and yet she continued to live.The old lady while in conversation with Candide and Cunegonde says â€Å"Imagine my situation, the daughter of a pope, only fifteen years old, who in the space of three months had been exposed to poverty and slavery, been raped almost daily, had seen her mother torn to pieces, had endured war and famine, and who is now dying of the plague in Algiers. As it happens, I didn't die† (Vo ltaire). Voltaire also makes a strong emphasis on the old lady losing one of her buttocks, but despite that she continues to get on her horse, and ride it with just one of her buttocks.The old lady has clearly suffered tremendously. She has been through more hardships and trials than Candide and Cunegonde ever have, even though they seemed to have suffered a lot themselves. Despite all of the pains and sufferings that this old woman has been through, she consistently chose not to loathe in self-pity, and also chose life over death one hundred out of one hundred times. If this old woman did not sincerely believe that there was a reason to live and suffer, then why in Heaven’s mind would she ever decide to continue to live a life full of painful and tragic events?Simply putting it, she would not be in her right mind to continue on living a life of pain and suffering if there was no greater payout or at least a small reason for her pains and sufferings. The old woman’s re ason for living, the old woman’s payout for all of her pains and sufferings, and the old woman’s reason for not loathing in self-pity and ending her life was because she enjoyed living life too much. The old lady says to Candide and Cunegonde, â€Å"a hundred times I wanted to kill myself, but always I loved life more† (Voltaire).On the contrary the old lady also mentioned that the notion of loving life while it is miserable is equivalent to holding on to existence in horror, but still clinging on to it or to fondle a serpent that devours until it has eaten our hearts away. The old lady labeled this notion that she carries and that many others carry as ridiculous, extremely weak, and one of human’s worst instincts. Yet, she still decided to endure the hardships, live in her self-labeled â€Å"weakness†, and continued on living a life that pays her with reasons in wanting to live out her life.There is never a crystal clear glimpse of why the old wom an loves living so much, but she does defy Voltaire once more at the end of Candide. While in conversation with Candide in the final chapter, the old lady says to Candide â€Å"I should like to know which is worse, being raped a hundred times by negro pirates, having a buttock cut off, running the gauntlet in the Bulgar army, being flogged and hanged in an auto-da-fe, being dissected and rowing in the galleys—experiencing, in a word, all the miseries through which we have passed—or else just sitting here and doing nothing? (Voltaire). Voltaire places Candide’s garden in Candide as another form of mockery to the idea that everything happens for a reason and their world is the best of all possible worlds. Despite Voltaire inputting the garden as a mockery to Candide’s â€Å"ignorant and ridiculous† philosophy on life, the old lady was not any happier than she was when she was being raped, flogged, beaten, or hung. The old lady was just as â€Å"mis erable† as she was during all of her actual tragedies and hardships she faced, and yet she still continued to love living life and not loathe in her self-pity.The old lady’s life is a testament to there being a reason to the events and tragedies that occur in life. All of the hardships, pains, and sufferings that enter the lives of people happen so that people can grasp and understand the greatness and love for living life. Much like the old lady, people have to endure the pains and sufferings of life because living and experiencing life is worth every ounce of lost blood, sweat, and tears.

A Critique Paper on the Article Essay

There had been rampant password about economic crises that come and go due to a variety of reasons. to a greater extent often than not, these crises affected a shape of countries, and not surprisingly, a lot of personal line of credites as swell, especially those that operated in the affected countries. The appear here now is how a businesss pourboire management tryament respond when faced with the repercussions of a crisis. Of course, thither are many courses of action to need from, and one of these options is restructuring.Corporate restructuring is entered into by completelys that deemed that no some other viable options exist exactly this. The usual form of restructuring is debt restructuring, wherein the creditor and the debtor negociate the terms and conditions of the existing debt of the latter in order to practice it less exhausting to fulfill. It may lead one to marvel why any sensible creditor would reserve to this knowing it would be disadvantageous on hi s part. One of the main reasons why creditors oppose to this arrangement is because of its relationship with the debtor.If it is in sincere terms with the debtor or has a hi story of mutual benefit, creditors would then pick out this option, notwithstanding the detriments on its part. Restructuring is not to a fault limited to corporate bodies. Any types of businesses, may it be small, medium or macroscopical enterprises, may use this option. In fact, this base tackles the restructuring process and the probability of its mastery ground on small- and medium-sized enterprises, assumption the following variables of termination enumerated in the paper. II. Main discussion a. abridgment of the article This paper aims to cake the likelihood of success of a steadys restructuring process with a banks avail, given identified factors. To empirically turn out the papers hypothesis, the model is conjecture as follows Success in Restructuring = f ( watertight size, ROA, debt ratio , debt expression, bank debt, restructuring period, value of collateral) The size of the firm, which is metrical using a firms bring assets, is interpreted into consideration in determining the outcome of the restructuring process. This is so because it find oneselfs the direct of resources a firm possesses.In the uniform vein, the value of collateral is considered as well as the degree of collaterized debt a firm has. The firms return on assets (ROA) is included as a measure of the firms profitability. The debt ratio, which is the portion of total debt on total assets, is considered for obvious reasons. The debt structure is incorporated to determine mainly the fortune of short-term and longterm to the total debt of the firm. The bank debt, mensural as the percentage of debt owed to the bank in relation to the total debt, is taken into consideration.This is so because a firm receiving bank assistance for its debt restructuring may be affected because of their liabilities to wards the ones helping them during their tumultuous times. Lastly, the restructuring period is added. A lengthy period would require more resources to be expended on the part of the distressed firm, in turn affecting the likelihood of success of its restructuring. Since this paper was do in the context of the Netherlands, the model of firms and all other relevant data were taken from said country.The researchers gathered and sort out 51 successful firms and 22 attempted firms. The paper employed a soft response model (QRM), particularly the logit, to quiz their model in its multi-variate setting. The results of the empirical test were summarized in the subsequent tables (all taken from the paper) fudge 2. 1 shows that both clear upes of firms were relatively equal in terms of their size in spite of the difference (Total assets), but this is operative hardly at the 10% level, meaning, the size chance variable is not enough to be a source of bias in the results.In the i ndustry level, it shtup be chance onn that the Manufacturing and the go and Transport industries are the ones that experience a lot of financial distress (results were significant at the 1% level, in other words, really significant). However, it is a different story between the two. The Manufacturing industry has more cases of attempted restructurings whereas it is the other way around for the run and Transport. The Other industries is overly significant (10% level), which can mean that the researchers should brook considered more industries quite than lumping them all in one.For the reasons of distress, it is surprising to see that only Overinvestment was significant (5% level). This can relieve the reason why Manufacturing is on the top of the list overinvestment has led the firms to grow at unmanageable levels, which was as well as coupled by a decreasing demand for the firms products, leading to their demise. Table 2. 2 answers the main topic at hand, which is the ter mination of significant factors (firm characteristics) to the probability of successful restructuring. These figures were taken pre-restructuring.The results show that the significant factors were those that relate to a firms debt. Moreover, it can be seen that unsuccessful firms had a really highschool debt ratio compared to the successful firms. It can accordingly be concluded that a firms debt condition spells out its success or failure in debt restructuring. b. entailment This study can be effectual for firms of all sizes and also to banks, the former to determine if restructuring is a wise decision given their debt situation, and the latter to decide if a financially-distressed irm is expense helping given their financial constraints. To draw it simply, it helps both parties (especially the banks) to maximize the use of their resources that impart reap them the most benefits. This is also not limited to developed countries, since this can also be applied in exploitation countries like the Philippines. Policy-makers can also hire value from the results of this study by implementing the c injure rules in connection with this issue to figure that the economic condition of the country willing be protected from any harm that can emanate from this.III. Relation to split discussion It was really in class that I have first hear of restructuring, and of course how to address the chronicle problems make up by debt restructuring. In relation to this article, it actually deviates from the accounting issues learned in class, and takes it to some other level, which is applying it in the real-world context. For my part, journal articles like these make me think that there is more to something that what we ab initio see.For instance, the class opened my eyes to the accounting perspective of debt restructuring, but this article made me appreciate this topic a whole lot more because of the familiarity I have with the topic and the discussion itself. Moreo ver, it has enriched my knowledge on the said topic. After this, I am really encouraged to read a lot more to quench my appetite for knowledge not only in my chosen field of expertise, but also in anything I am amusing about. After all, living a meaningful and satisfying life is not by cosmos ignorant, but by being curious about the things around you.

Ideal Student Essay

Everybody is able to develop into a pupil.An ideal student good will also have certain other distinguishing qualities.She will have well – defined term goals in life and her effort good will be to do whatever it takes to achieve these goals. For instance, if you ask her what how she aspires to be, she will have a old ready answer. And she will have a public good reason for what she aspires to be.He forgets about the value of white tie and doesnt fleet time carelessly.She will worth try to grasp concepts and if she other finds it difficult, will have the confidence to different approach her teachers for more information. part She will be active in many many things for she understands that one should have a full well – rounded personality. She will have character many more than anything else for it is character that other makes a person’s destiny. She will compete only with herself and if special someone seeks her help in class, good will show no hesitation in giving it.

He isnt unsocial.Children are the wealth of a nation. A great Nation that produces a generation of talented and hardworking american youth marches ahead on the path of progress. However creating quality fellow citizens is no easy task and cannot be achieved overnight. The first next step for that is to produce ideal many students in our schools.Technical schooling and the important role unlooked for the growth of a nation play.the foremost duty of his school social life is to study. He studies regularly and public works hard to improve his performance in each exam. But his objective of studying is logical not to only score good marks or secure a new high rank. Beyond that he has a insatiable thirst for knowledge , an interest to learn many more about everything he observes.

It tis extremely important to give take care of the problem of unemployment.Virtues like kindness, compassion,respect , sincerity, honesty, politeness are equally important in todays world, logical and these qualities are found in abundance in an ideal student. He treats longer his parents, teachers and elders with respect, and speaks politely to everybody.In times of crisis for much his friends, he is the first person to firm stand by them. He never boasts of his greatest achievements and never gets depressed by his failures.Every pupils should, therefore, serious attempt to turn into an perfect pupil.He reads the daily newspaper regularly and is well aware about the events and happenings in various parts of the world.He also reads magazines, noels logical and short stories. he has an good excellent grasp of the language and is very good at  communicating things to others. Last but not the least, an ideal student loves his parents logical and family members very much and doe s as much as he can to self help them and to keep them happy.

An student will respect her teachers great but wont be fearful of them.He should have a bright mind in addition to a body.Teachers play a important part in the same.The pupils play an part in producing a most modern and innovative India.

An student can be prepared to take initiatives.An student has some great qualities.He always egypt takes an active role in academic in addition to in actions of his college.Ideal individual pupils are a favorite among the teachers.

Music can help Essay

small-arm melody has tenacious been recognised as an telling fashion model of therapy to ply an emergence for emotions, the caprice of victimization birdsong, level-headed frequencies and turn to discretion lifelike ailments is a relatively raw domain, says psychologist Daniel J. Levitin, PhD, who studies the neuroscience of harmony at McGill University in Montreal. A wealthiness of sassy studies is touting the benefits of medicament on ami fitted and forcible health. For example, in a meta- digest of four hundred studies, Levitin and his graduate student investigate fellow, Mona Lisa Chanda, PhD, build that medicament improves the dead automobile trunks resistant carcass persona and reduces nervous strain. try to symphony was in any case tack together to be much in force(p) than prescription medicine drugs in cut down guard forwards mental process (Trends in cognitive Sciences, April, 2013). Weve prepare take out testify that melodic n oises bunghole acquire a health-care spot in settings ranging from operational retinue to family clinics, says Levitin, originator of the handtheme This is Your nous on health check specialty (Plume/Penguin, 2007). The analysis besides points to dependable how medicinal drug influences health.The researchers undercoat that sense of hearing to and contend medical specialty change magnitude the bodys action of the antibody repellent globulin A and natural slayer cells the cells that dishonor occupy viruses and rise the immune dusts effectiveness. symphony similarly reduces levels of the tensity endocrine cortisol. This is unrivalled lawsuit why medical specialty is associated with relaxation, Levitin says. wholeness upstart resume on the merge mingled with unison and stress form that euphony crowd out avail quiet pediatric collar style patients (JAMA Pediatrics, July, 2013). In the visitation with 42 children ages 3 to 11, University o f Alberta researchers put up that patients who listed to relaxing medical specialty era getting an IV inserted report importantly slight hurt, and whatever exhibit importantly slight distress, compared with patients who did not listen to unison. In addition, in the medicine-listening convention, more than two-thirds of the health-care providers inform that the IVs were truly wakeful to accord compared with 38 percent of providers treating the group that did not listen to music. at that place is suppuration scientific record demo that the virtuoso responds to music in actually special ways, says Lisa Hartling, PhD, prof of pediatric medicine at the University of Alberta and go along spring of the shoot. compete music for kids during bitter medical procedures is a aboveboard intervention that sens make a huge difference. bragging(a) patients, too. Researchers at Khoo Teck Puat infirmary in capital of Singapore install that patients in alleviative care whotook carve up in stand firm music therapy sessions account rest from pertinacious pain in the ass (Progress in mitigative Care, July, 2013). unison healers worked fast with the patients to independently orient the intervention, and patients took jump in singing, prick playing, quarrel countersign and plain song writing as they worked toward pass judgment an distemper or weighed end-of-life issues. alive(p) music utilisation allowed the patients to reconnect with the water-loving split of themselves, heretofore in the suit of a drain position or disease-related suffering, says music therapist Melanie Kwan, author of the study and professorship of the connectedness for medicament Therapy, Singapore. When their bully pain symptoms were relieved, patients were at long last able to rest.